Thursday, December 17, 2015

Final Exam Review

Captions

On Friday the thirteenth, Sean Jacobs falls to the ground when he hears the start gun fire at the New York Marathon race. Having had a fear of loud noises since he was little, the deafening sound of the gun scared Sean and caused him to have hit the ground in a matter of seconds.


In April of 2014, the streets of Galveston flood with sea water from a giant wave originating on a nearby beach. After the shock of the event passed, the citizens of the Texas city decided to make the best out of the situation and go kayaking in the familiar streets.


Marcus Goodman, a famous pie maker, hides behind his two winning pastries when he receives the information about his placing in the national competition. The well renowned baker shields his teary eyes from peering onlookers as he covers his face after hearing that he had won first place overall.



While friends go and hide in disclosed areas of the surrounding field, James McCouth awaits the moment when he can go search for them on Halloween. Mr. McCouth and his buddies have played hide-and-go-seek with each other for the last fifteen years as a tradition.

Rules of Photography
1. Rule of Thirds - positioning the camera in a way that the subject is not centered in the middle of the photograph, but instead is positioned in on of the corners
2. Balancing Elements - having elements in your photograph that balance each other out and create symmetry in the photo
3. Leading Lines - lines, such as a road, wires, or a pathway, that lead the viewers eyes to the subject of the photo
4. Symmetry and Patterns (repetition) - in a photo, having a specific pattern that is repeated over and over to create balance and symmetry in the image
5. Viewpoint - positioning yourself, as the photographer, at different heights to adjust your view on the subject like standing on a hill looking down on your subject
6. Background - choosing a backdrop for your photograph that brings out the subject in a way that shows the subject in the best way possible
7. Create Depth - angling the camera so that the viewer can feel/see the physical depth of the photo and it does not just look like a 2D picture
8. Framing - using surrounding things in the photo to make an artificial frame around your subject
9. Cropping - cropping your image so that the subject is obvious and in some cases the only thing in the image besides the background, and it causes simplicity in the photo
10. Mergers and Avoiding Them - avoiding putting the subject of the photo in a way that it interferes with the background of the photo


Aperture, Shutter Speed and ISO
1. Aperture - this technique either brings images into focus (the background and the subject) or creates depth in the photo by blurring out the background and making the subject pop out. It relies on the amount of light let into the image.
2. Shutter Speed - this technique can either freeze action or blur it to create cool effects. By setting this, you are changing how long the shutter stays open before shutting and capturing the image. Long time, blurry image; short time, frozen action.
3. ISO - this technique refers to how sensitive your camera is to the surrounding light. Higher ISO, lighter the picture; lower ISO, darker the picture.


Photoshop
1. Acceptable - altering the lighting of the photo to make the image a better photo, fixing small blemishes without changing the subjects overall look
2. Unacceptable - altering the size of different bodily parts, changing the shape of a face/neck/other, when the subject does not know about the changes being made, facial parts being edited to the point of being unethical, editing photos to where the convey a false message

Portraits
1. Environmental - a portrait of a person taken in their "natural habitat" and where they are usually found (work, home, etc.)
2. Self - a portrait of the photography done by the photographer, usually set up with a timer on the camera
3. Casual - an informal portrait of the person in their natural state/caught off guard, usually not looking at the camera

Photographic Terms
1. Exposure - the amount of light per unit area reaching a photographic film or electronic image sensor, as determines by shutter speed, lens aperture and scene luminance (wikipedia.org)
2. Depth of Field - the distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image (wikipedia.org)
3. Focal Length - the distance in mm from the optical center of the lens to the focal point, which is located on the sensor or film if the subject is "in focus" (dpreview.com)

Magazine Covers
1. Early - modeled after book covers (looked very similar)
2. Poster - the main focus was the photo or painting on the cover and there were very few words if any
3. Married to Type - these covers have an image but also cover lines/words, yet the words do not dominate the cover but rather they compliment the photo
4. Forest of Words - the image on the cover is covered partially by words and there are a lot of words all over and they take over the rest of the cover



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